TOJNED - Volume 15 - Issue 2 - April 2025
21ST CENTURY COMPETENCIES OF SCIENCE TEACHERS Abdülkadir CEVİT, Naci TÜRÜKÖZÜ
Abstract:
The aim of this study is to determine the competency levels of science teachers working in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus regarding 21st century learner skills and to examine whether these skills differ according to demographic variables. The population of the study, which was conducted with the relational survey model, one of the quantitative research methods, consisted of Science teachers working in TRNC and the sample consisted of 71 teachers selected through purposive sampling. The “21st Century Learner Skills Scale” developed by Göksun-Orhan (2016) was used as a data collection tool, and the data were analyzed with SPSS software.
According to the research findings, it was determined that teachers generally used 21st century learner skills at the level of “occasionally”, the highest mean score was in cognitive skills, and other skills were applied at a relatively lower level. According to the gender variable, female teachers scored higher than male teachers in cognitive, collaborative and innovative skills. No significant difference was found in terms of age and professional seniority variables, and it was seen that teachers used these skills at a similar level. The marital status variable, on the other hand, created a significant difference; it was found that married teachers performed at a higher level than single teachers in all skill areas. The findings revealed that teachers need support especially in areas such as innovation, collaboration and autonomous learning.
CONTENT ANALYSIS OF PUBLISHED ARTICLES ON HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT Evren DEĞİRMENCİOĞLU, Azmiye YINAL
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The aim of this research; It aims to evaluate the article researches on ‘Human Resources Management’ and ‘Strategic Human Resources Management’ by content analysis between 2019 and 2024. In addition, it is aimed to reveal the status of researches on ‘Human Resources Management’ and ‘Strategic Human Resources Management’ in the literature and to contribute to researchers who want to work in this field and to the relevant literature. Studies in the field of business administration were searched using Google Academy databases. A total of 27 articles were included in the research. As a result of the analyses, the most articles on ‘Human Resources Management’ and ‘Strategic Human Resources Management’ between 2019 and 2024 were published in 2022 (f = 6; 22%) and 2021 and 2019 (f = 5; 19%), and the publications were mostly published in Turkish (f = 16; 59%), 27 articles on ‘Human Resources Management’ and ‘Strategic Human Resources Management’ were published in 27 different journals, quantitative research method (f=16; 59%) was mostly used in the publications, questionnaire (f=16; 59%) data collection tool was mostly used in the articles examined, SPSS (f=14; 52%) data analysis programme was mostly used in the articles.
EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL SILENCE ON ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT Selcan ULAÅž, Azmiye YINAL
Abstract:
This study aims to examine the relationship between organizational silence and organizational commitment and to evaluate the impact of organizational silence on organizational commitment. In the research, quantitative research method was used and relational survey model was adopted. The population of the study consists of individuals working in different sectors in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). In order to represent the population, a sample group was determined in line with the purpose of the study. In this context, a total of 399 people were included in the study during the data collection process. Two valid and reliable scales were used to collect data in the study. These are the Organizational Silence Scale developed by Çakıcı (2007) and the Organizational Commitment Scale developed by Allen and Meyer (1991) and adapted into Turkish by Seymen and Korkmaz (2017). Data were collected and analyzed through these two scales.
According to the results of the analysis, although marital status was not a determining factor in general organizational silence, it was an effective variable in the dimension of fear of damaging relationships. In terms of professional seniority, it was determined that more senior individuals had higher perceptions of managerial and organizational reasons and general organizational silence. While working time was found to be effective on continuance commitment, professional seniority showed a significant difference in terms of normative commitment. In the correlation analysis, a negative relationship was found between organizational silence and organizational commitment in general; especially the increase in organizational silence decreased affective commitment, while it increased continuance commitment. Regression analysis showed that organizational silence has a significant and positive effect on organizational commitment. These findings reveal that the relationship between organizational silence and commitment has a complex and multidimensional structure.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP, INNOVATION, INNOVATIVE THINKING OF ENTREPRENEURS AND INNOVATIVE ENTREPRENEURSHIP LEVELS Berk SEZENLER, Seyfi ATAKAN, Turgut CENKCILER, Azmiye YINAL
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In this study, the levels of entrepreneurship, innovation, innovative thinking and innovative entrepreneurship of entrepreneurs who are owners of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) were examined. The research was conducted with a quantitative approach and the population consisted of SME owners in TRNC and the sample consisted of 170 entrepreneurs. A scale developed by Alkan (2014) was used to collect the data. The data obtained were analyzed with the SPSS 26 program and the relationships between entrepreneurship and innovation levels were evaluated in detail with the help of descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analyses.
The findings showed that entrepreneurs adopt high levels of product, organizational and marketing innovation and that these types of innovations have an important place in entrepreneurial processes. The relationships between entrepreneurship, innovation and innovative thinking were found to be positive and significant, with a particularly strong influence of entrepreneurship on innovation types and innovative entrepreneurship. Regression analyses revealed that entrepreneurship is an important explanatory factor for these variables and shapes innovation processes.
EVALUATION OF SCIENCE TEACHERS’ SELF-EFFICACY LEVELS IN TERMS OF VARIOUS VARIABLES Abdülkadir CEVİT, Naci TÜRÜKÖZÜ
Abstract:
The aim of this study is to determine the self-efficacy levels of science teachers and to examine these levels in terms of variables such as gender, age, graduation status and professional seniority. Relational survey model, one of the quantitative research methods, was used. The population of the study consists of science teachers working in TRNC and the sample consists of 72 teachers selected by convenience sampling method. Teacher Self-Efficacy Scale was used as a data collection tool. The data were analyzed with SPSS 20.0 program.
According to the results of the study, science teachers' self-efficacy levels were generally found to be high. It was observed that they felt themselves more competent especially in the field of instructional strategies. While no significant difference was found according to gender and graduation status, significant differences were found in age and professional seniority variables, especially in the sub-dimensions of classroom management and instructional strategies. Younger teachers and teachers with 6-10 years of seniority had higher levels of self-efficacy. In the student engagement sub-dimension, no significant difference was found in terms of any variable. These findings indicate that there is a need for supportive practices to increase teacher self-efficacy.
EVALUATION OF WORK MOTIVATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT LEVELS OF EMPLOYEES IN TRNC Gülsün SARI, Azmiye YINAL
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the levels of work motivation and organizational commitment of individuals working in different sectors in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). The research was carried out with a quantitative method and the study population consists of private sector employees working in various sectors in TRNC. Considering the population size and the accepted margin of error, the sample size was determined as 360 people. The data were collected through demographic information form, work motivation scale and organizational commitment scale. The analysis of the data was carried out using SPSS 26.0 package program, so that the statistical results were systematically evaluated.
At the end of the study, it was determined that intrinsic motivation was high and had positive effects on organizational commitment. While intrinsic motivation showed a positive relationship with affective and normative commitment, no significant relationship was found with continuance commitment. Extrinsic motivation, on the other hand, was found to be at a moderate level, and while it had positive effects on affective and normative commitment, it showed a negative relationship with continuance commitment. Although it is seen that general work motivation increases organizational commitment, the low explanatory power of the model reveals that other factors are also effective on commitment. These findings suggest that motivational enhancement strategies are critical for improving organizational commitment.
EXAMINATION OF JOB SATISFACTION AND BURNOUT LEVELS OF SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHERS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR Niyazi ÖCAL, Sonay DERİCİOĞLU
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In this study, burnout and job satisfaction levels of teachers working in TRNC Special Education Schools were examined from an organizational behavior perspective. The study includes 136 special education teachers working in Special Education Schools affiliated to the TRNC Ministry of National Education. Maslach Burnout Scale, Minnesota Job Satisfaction Scale and personal information form prepared by the researcher were used as data collection tools. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS 26 program. The study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation to understand the burnout and job satisfaction levels of teachers.
Job satisfaction of special education teachers is generally at a positive level, with high levels of internal satisfaction and moderate levels of external satisfaction. When burnout is examined, emotional exhaustion and general exhaustion are at medium level, depersonalization is low, and personal accomplishment is at high level. Job satisfaction is effective in reducing the sub-dimensions of burnout, and internal satisfaction and general job satisfaction decrease especially burnout and increase personal accomplishment. Strong relationships were found between burnout sub-dimensions, depersonalization increased overall burnout and showed a negative relationship with personal accomplishment. In the regression analysis, personal accomplishment had the strongest positive effect on burnout, depersonalization also had a significant effect, while general exhaustion decreased burnout.
EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL CYNICISM OF PRIVATE SECTOR EMPLOYEES IN NORTHERN CYPRUS Su EVSAL, Azmiye YINAL
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The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between organizational cynicism and organizational commitment levels of private sector employees in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). The research was designed as a quantitative study and conducted with the relational survey method. The population of the study consisted of private sector employees residing in TRNC, and the sample group was determined by simple random sampling method. The sample group consisting of 386 participants selected by this method ensured the representativeness of the research. Within the scope of the research, two different scales were used to measure the organizational cynicism and organizational commitment levels of white-collar employees working in the sports sector. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS Statistics 22.0 program (IBM, 2022).
As a result of the analyses, while there was no significant difference between organizational cynicism and its sub-dimensions in terms of marital status, it was determined that the cognitive cynicism levels of married participants were higher than single participants. According to professional experience, especially the cynicism levels of employees with 6-10 years of experience are significantly different from the other groups. In the analysis according to the length of service, significant differences were found between certain groups in cognitive cynicism and emotional commitment dimensions. Correlation analyses revealed that cynicism and commitment dimensions showed positive relationships among themselves, but there was no significant relationship between cynicism and commitment. According to regression analysis, organizational cynicism had no significant effect on organizational commitment.
HUMAN RELATIONS AND COMMUNICATION IN SCHOOL MANAGEMENT Sadiye KARAPELIT, Azmiye YINAL
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The purpose of this study is to determine the communication problems between school administrators and teachers and to examine whether these problems differ in terms of variables such as gender, job distribution, professional seniority and working time in the current institution. The study was conducted with a quantitative method and a relational survey model was used. Data were collected from 112 participants selected by stratified sampling method from the universe of school administrators and teachers in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. The Communication Problems Scale developed by Bingöl (2013) was used as a data collection tool, and the analysis was carried out with the SPSS program. The findings showed that there was a borderline difference in communication problems scale scores in terms of gender variable. Significant differences were found between administrators and teachers, and it was determined that the communication perceptions of administrators were different from teachers. It was found that the communication problems scale scores increased as the length of professional seniority increased, and it was seen that individuals with longer seniority perceived more communication problems. Similarly, it was determined that communication problems were felt more as the duration of working in the organization increased. It was found that shorter-term employees perceived communication problems at a lower level, while individuals who had been working in the same organization for a long time experienced more communication problems.
LEAN MANAGEMENT: BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION ANALYSIS Salih DEMIRCI, Efe Ä°SSEVER, Azmiye YINAL
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Lean management increases efficiency by reducing waste and maximizes customer value. Therefore, studies on lean management can indirectly positively affect the performance of businesses. Examining these studies, creating clear and consistent new research routes can contribute to the formation of studies that have a strong impact on the future of businesses. The aim of this study is to apply bibliometric analysis to studies on the concept of lean management. The Bibliometrix application in the R package was used to perform the bibliometric analysis. According to the analysis results, it was found that the number of studies on the subject has increased since 2007, the journal with the most published studies is Sustainability, the author who has done the most studies is Thomas Rundall, the organization that has done the most studies is the University System of Ohio, the country that has done the most studies in terms of the number of authors is the USA, the keywords lean management, lean production, lean leadership, continuous improvement, and quality development are mentioned the most in the articles.
MOBBING IN BUSINESSES AND EMPLOYEES’ INDIVIDUAL METHODS OF FIGHTING MOBBING Seher KOFALI, Azmiye YINAL
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In this study, the mobbing phenomenon in hotel businesses operating in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) was examined in detail and the individual struggle methods of employees exposed to mobbing were examined. The research was conducted using the relational survey model, which is one of the quantitative research methods. While the population of the research consists of the employees of hotel enterprises in TRNC, the sample consists of 425 hotel employees selected from this population. As a data collection tool, the questionnaire form developed by Yıldız (2023) was taken as a basis and adapted and used. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software, which is widely used in the field of social sciences. The findings revealed that the mobbing experiences of the employees were generally at a moderate level and that the perception of mobbing varied in different dimensions such as threats, harassment, work obstructions, work engagement and relations with coworkers. According to gender, women were found to be less active in individual struggle against mobbing. While demographic factors such as age, education level, marital status and working time did not generally create a significant difference, it was determined that the perception of mobbing in relations with coworkers increased as the level of education increased. As the professional seniority increased, it was determined that employees exhibited a more passive attitude in individual struggle against mobbing. According to the results of the study, employees mostly prefer passive methods such as ignoring the mobbing perpetrator and less frequently resort to methods such as official complaints and applying to professional associations. This situation shows that employees are more protected and hesitant in the face of mobbing.
PARADIGMS OF ADMINISTRATORS AND TEACHERS IN EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION Sadiye KARAPELIT, Azmiye YINAL
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The purpose of this study is to examine the paradigms adopted by school administrators and teachers in educational administration in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. In the quantitative study, the data obtained from 116 participants were collected through the Educational Paradigms Scale developed by Öztürk Erzincan (2012) and analyzed with SPSS program. The findings of the study show that there are significant differences in the types of paradigms adopted by the participants according to their demographic characteristics. In terms of the interpretivist paradigm, it was determined that teachers were more prone to this approach than administrators; Younger and less senior individuals adopted the interpretivist paradigm more. In terms of positivist paradigm, it was found that male participants, administrators, and individuals with older age and seniority were more inclined towards this approach. These results reveal that the paradigms adopted in educational administration differ according to variables such as age, position and experience and that these differences may have an impact on managerial approaches.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ECO-INNOVATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE: BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION ANALYSES Ahmet YURTERİ, Sıla YURTERİ, Azmiye YINAL
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Eco-innovation is defined as the discovery and development of innovative practices by businesses to solve environmental problems. With this aspect, eco-innovation contributes to the reduction of costs and environmental pollution in the long term. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between eco-innovation and environmental performance through bibliometric analysis and visualization methods. Biblioshiny and VOSviewer programs were used to perform the analysis. According to the results of the analysis, it has been determined that the interest in Eco-Innovation and Environmental Performance studies has accelerated since 2021, the journal with the highest number of studies is the Journal of Cleaner Production, the author with the highest number of on the subject is Cai Li, the institution with the highest number of studies is Jiangshu University, the country with the highest number of studies on the subject is China, the most mentioned keywords other than eco-innovation and environmental performance are sustainability, sustainable development, financial performance, economic performance.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL ATTENTION AND COGNITIVE FLEXIBILITY LEVEL OF SCHOOL PRINCIPALS Sadiye KARAPELIT, Azmiye YINAL
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This study aims to examine the relationship between school administrators' organizational attention level and cognitive flexibility. In the study, which was conducted with the relational survey model, data were collected using the Organizational Attention Scale and Cognitive Flexibility Scale, and the analyzes were carried out with the SPSS program. According to the findings of the study, although there was no significant difference in organizational attention and cognitive flexibility levels in terms of gender and title, it was observed that the scores of male administrators and principals were slightly higher. No statistically significant difference was found between the length of experience and these variables, but a certain change was observed as the experience increased. While the level of education had a significant effect on organizational attention, it was determined that it did not create a significant difference in terms of cognitive flexibility, but there was an increase in cognitive flexibility tendency as the level of education increased. A positive relationship was found between organizational attention and cognitive flexibility. The fact that especially selectivity and focusing dimensions show a strong connection with cognitive flexibility suggests that managers' ability to direct attention processes effectively may be related to their flexibility levels. In addition, leadership attitudes and collective reaction dimensions were also found to be related to cognitive flexibility, indicating that managers who can think flexibly can exhibit more effective leadership and adapt to changes faster.
RESEARCH ON CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PRACTICES IN THE TOURISM SECTOR: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ZeliÅŸ UFUK HAKSEVER, Azmiye YINAL
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Corporate social responsibility has become mandatory rather than voluntary activities in today's businesses. The role of the business in society and the increased awareness of internal and external stakeholders are seen as one of the reasons for this responsibility. Another reason is to gain competitive advantages and contribute to the long-term economic performance of the business. Gaining the trust of stakeholders and ensuring corporate reputation makes social responsibility activities an obligation in a society with awareness. In this context, businesses have to invest in social responsibility practices as well as financial profitability targets. In recent years, these practices, which have become so important in the business world, have also taken their place in academia as a problem to be researched. This study aims to examine and bring together research on corporate social responsibility, specific to the tourism sector, conducted between 2020 and 2024, under certain headings. 40 scientific publications were found suitable in the literature review, determined based on their publication year, number of authors, journal in which they were published, method, data collection tools, and data analysis techniques. These categories were analyzed and interpreted using the systematic review method. This research is intended to provide easy access to resources for scientists conducting research in the field.
THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT ON ORGANIZATIONAL HEALTH Eda AKBÄ°L, Azmiye YINAL
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The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of organizational commitment on organizational health. The study was designed and implemented as a quantitative research. The population of the study consists of private sector employees in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). A sample size of 403 people was determined and data were obtained from this group. In the study, the three-dimensional organizational commitment model developed by Meyer and Allen (1991) was used to measure organizational commitment and a scale based on this model was used. In order to measure employees' perceptions of organizational health, the 44-item, 5-point Likert-type Organizational Health Scale developed by Hoy (1991) and adapted into Turkish by Taneri (2011) was used. The data obtained were analyzed and evaluated with SPSS 28.0 program.
According to the results of the research, a significant difference was found between age groups in the organizational health dimensions only in the resource support dimension and it was determined that the 31-39 age group had higher perceptions. In terms of education levels, a significant difference was found only in the dimension of organizational integrity, and it was seen that participants at primary/secondary and associate degree levels had higher perceptions. In terms of working time, a significant difference was found only in the respect dimension and it was determined that those who worked longer had a higher perception of respect. Positive and significant relationships were found between organizational commitment and organizational health dimensions, and especially affective commitment showed a strong relationship with organizational health. According to the regression analysis results, it was determined that organizational commitment has a strong, positive and significant effect on organizational health.
THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL FAVORITANISM AND ORGANIZATIONAL EXCLUSION ON ORGANIZATIONAL SILENCE Sesil DEREBOYLULAR, Azmiye YINAL
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The main purpose of this study is to examine the effects of organizational favoritism and organizational exclusion on organizational silence. The study was designed and implemented as a quantitative research. The population of the study consists of individuals residing in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) and working in the private sector. The sample of the study was determined as 388 people. In the study, survey method was preferred to measure the effect of organizational favoritism and exclusion on organizational silence. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS 26 program and the results were evaluated with statistical methods.
As a result of the research, it was determined that organizational favoritism and exclusion have significant effects on organizational silence. It has been determined that organizational exclusion does not differ according to demographic variables in general, but there are significant differences in the Accepting Silence dimension depending on age and education level. Participants in the middle age group and those with low educational level have higher perceptions in this dimension. Organizational favoritism, especially in promotion and recruitment processes, stood out as the strongest factors that increase organizational silence. While the effect of favoritism in the process was found to be limited, organizational exclusion was found to have a significant effect on accepting silence. These findings suggest that perceptions of organizational justice and nepotism directly affect employees' silence behaviors.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COUNTERPRODUCTIVE WORK BEHAVIOR AND PERCEPTION OF ORGANIZATIONAL DEFEMATURIZATION: THE TRNC CASE Ali AYSU, Azmiye YINAL
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The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the perception of organizational dehumanization and counterproductive work behaviors. The study was designed using quantitative research method and the data were evaluated by statistical analysis. The study was conducted on individuals actively working in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. The study targeted employees in businesses operating in the insurance and body shop sectors in Nicosia, Kyrenia and Famagusta regions of TRNC. Within the scope of the research, a total of 437 participants were reached. Data were collected using the Counterproductive Work Behavior Scale and the Perception of Organizational Dehumanization Scale. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) 26.0 software, which is widely used in social sciences.
The study revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the perception of organizational dehumanization and counterproductive work behaviors. Participants' perception of organizational dehumanization was generally at low-medium level, while their counterproductive work behaviors were at low levels. In particular, the sub-dimensions of “dehumanization” and “workplace relations” showed a stronger relationship with counterproductive work behaviors. Regression analysis showed that the increase in counterproductive work behaviors significantly affected the perception of organizational dehumanization. However, the low level of explanatory power suggests that other factors affecting this perception should be examined.
THE ROLE OF THE NURSE IN HOME PREVENTIVE PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES: A STUDY ON ELDERLY INDIVIDUALS IN GÖNYELİ Naciye TEKELİ, Azmiye YINAL
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This study aims to examine the satisfaction levels of individuals aged 55 years and over living in Gönyeli with home preventive health services and the roles of nurses in this process. In the study, which was conducted using quantitative research method, data were collected from 301 participants with a structured questionnaire form. The scale is the Nurse Practitioner Satisfaction Survey developed by Lucie J. Agosta and adapted by Manay (2016). The data were analyzed with the SPSS 26.0 program; normality tests and parametric analyses were applied.
In this study, the participants' overall satisfaction level with nursing services was found to be high. In general, satisfaction sub-dimensions and total scores showed that the participants were quite satisfied with nurses and that there was a low difference in this satisfaction level. There was no significant difference between male and female participants in terms of gender, and both groups showed similar satisfaction levels. In terms of educational status, the satisfaction levels of primary school graduates were higher than the other groups in the General Satisfaction sub-dimension, but no significant difference was found between the other sub-dimensions and total scores. Significant differences were observed between the number of visits to the health center and satisfaction, and participants who applied more frequently had higher scores in both the Planning sub-dimension and the overall satisfaction level. According to the health insurance variable, while individuals without health insurance showed higher satisfaction in the General Satisfaction sub-dimension, no significant difference was found in other sub-dimensions and total scores. In terms of health perception, individuals who felt very healthy showed higher satisfaction than other groups in the Planning sub-dimension; however, no significant difference was found in terms of total score and other sub-dimensions. These results reveal that the participants have a high satisfaction perception with nursing services in general.
